Bushing
When the pegs no longer function properly and the peg holes have become too large, they must be rebushed. The holes are twisted conically until a tread surface is achieved. Maple wood pieces (or boxwood) of an exact fit, are carefully fitted into the bushed holes and glued. The added surface area is evened out and retouched to match the peg box exactly. Now new albeit smaller holes are drilled and twisted conically. The pegs, new ones if necessary, are then fitted into the holes. A smaller peg results in better tuning capabilities.